DevOps Patterns & Antipatterns for Continuous Software Updates

A presentation at Velocity Conference in November 2019 in Berlin, Germany by Baruch Sadogursky

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DevOps Patterns & Antipatterns for Continuous Software Updates “What can possibly go wrong?!”

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Why software updates?

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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“As every company become a software company, Security vulnerabilities are the new oil spills” @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Identify @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Fix #VelocityConf Deploy http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Identify Fix Deploy Immediately OS upgrade years

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Identify Fix Deploy 2 months Struts upgrade 2 months

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Identify As fast as possible Fix As fast as possible Deploy As fast as possible #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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This is not a new idea! @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware XP: short feedback Scrum: reducing cycle time to absolute minimum TPS: Decide as late as possible and Deliver as fast as possible Kanban: Incremental change #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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shownotes http://jfrog.com/shownotes Slides Video Links Comments, Ratings Raffle @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Update available Yes No Do we trust the update? Yes How about no Let’s update! Yes Are there any high risks? No Do we want it? No

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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number of artifacts as a symptom of complexity Today IoT Serverless Docker Microservices Infrastructure as Code Continuous Delivery Continuous Integration Agile 2000 @jbaruch @jfrog #LiquidSoftware www.liquidsoftware.com

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The problem is not the code, it’s the data. Big data. @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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#emptyenvelopefromchina @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Update available Yes No Can we verify the update? No Yes Yes How about no Do we trust the update? Time consuming verification Let’s update! Yes Are there any high risks? No Do we want it? No

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Features that we want @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Acceptance tests costs #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Your browser Twitter in your browser Twitter on your smartphone Your smartphone OS?! Update available Yes Are there any high risks? No Let’s update! Do we want it? No one asked you (auto update)

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What can possibly go wrong?

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: Local rollback @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: update went catastrophically wrong and an over the-air patch can’t reach the device Solution: Have a previous version saved on the device prior to update. Rollback in case problem occurred #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: OTA software updates @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: physical recalls are costly. Extremely costly. Also, you can’t force an upgrade. Solution: Implement over the air software updates, preferably, continuous updates. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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continuous OTA updates are like normal OTA updates, but better @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: continuous updates @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: In batch updates important features wait for non-important features. Solution: Implement continuous updates. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Nub’s horror @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware New feature update Uses templating with $ symbol Apple’s staging servers return prices without $ symbol Some Apple’s production servers return prices with $ symbol As a result, some users suffer crashes It took time to understand what went wrong It took time to get the fix through Apple review #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: Canary releases @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: Releasing a bug affects ALL the users. Solution: Release to a small number of users first and observe. If a problem occurs, stop the release, revert or update the affected users. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: observability @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: Some problems are hard to trace relying on user feedback only Solution: Implement tracing, monitoring and logging #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: Rollbacks @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: Fixes might take time, users suffer in a meanwhile Solution: Implement rollback, the ability to deploy a previous version without delay #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: feature flags @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: Rollbacks are not always supported by the deployment target platform Solution: Embed 2 versions of the features in the app itself and trigger them with API calls #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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You thought your problems are hard? Things under your control Server-side Updates IoT (Mobile, Automotive, Edge) Updates ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✕ ✕ ✕ ✕ The availability of the target The state of the target The version on the target The access to the target @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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KNIGHT-MARE @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware New system reused old APIs 1 out of 8 servers was not updated New clients sent requests to machine contained old code Engineers undeployed working code from updated servers, increasing the load on the not-updated server No monitoring, no alerting, no debugging #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: Automated deployment @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: People suck at repetitive tasks. Solution: Automate everything. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: frequent updates @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: Seldom deployments generate anxiety and stress, leading to errors. Solution: Update frequently to develop skill and habit. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: state awareness @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: Target state can affect the update process and the behavior of the system after the update. Solution: Know and consider target state when updating. Reverting might require revering the state. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Real life pattern: be kind @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: You shame someone publicly; week later shit happens to you. Solution: Don’t be a shmuck. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Cloud-dark @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware New rules are deployed frequently to battle attacks Deployment of a single misconfigured rule Included regex to spike CPU to 100% “Affected region: Earth” #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: Canary releases @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: Releasing a bug affects ALL the users. Solution: Release to a small number of users first effectively reducing the blast radius and observe. If a problem occurs, stop the release, revert or update the affected users. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates pattern: zero downtime updates @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Problem: You will probably loose all your users if you shut down for 5 weeks (and counting) to perform an update. Solution: Perform zerodowntime OTA small and fequent continuous updates. #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Continuous updates @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware Frequent Automatic Tested Canary State-aware Observability *Local Rollbacks #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Update available Yes Do we trust the update? Yes Do we want it? Are there any high risks? Sure, why not? (auto update) Yes Let’s update! No

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” Our goal is to transition from bulk and rare software updates to extremely tiny and extremely frequent software updates; so tiny and so frequent that they provide an illusion of software flowing from development to the update target. We call it the Liquid Software vision. @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Corner cases? @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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@jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf http://jfrog.com/shownotes

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Q&A and twitter ads @jbaruch #LiquidSoftware #VelocityConf https://liquidsoftware.com https://jfrog.com/shownotes